Doctor explains Zolpidem (Ambien) | Uses, doses, side effects and more

In this article, we outline information regarding Zolpidem, commonly known by its brand name, Ambien. This medication is primarily prescribed for the short-term treatment of severe insomnia, a condition characterized by difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep. Understanding how Zolpidem works, its potential side effects, and the precautions necessary for its use is crucial for anyone considering this medication.

Mechanism of Action

Zolpidem belongs to a class of medications known as sedative-hypnotics. It works by enhancing the effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter in the brain that promotes relaxation and sleep. By increasing GABA activity, Zolpidem helps individuals fall asleep more quickly and reduces the likelihood of waking during the night.

Who Can Take Zolpidem?

While Zolpidem is effective for many adults suffering from insomnia, it is not suitable for everyone. It is essential to consult with your healthcare provider to determine if this medication is appropriate for you. Key considerations include:

• Allergic Reactions: Inform your doctor if you have a history of allergic reactions to Zolpidem or any other medications.
• Medical Conditions: Those with liver or kidney issues, myasthenia gravis (a condition causing muscle weakness), breathing problems, or sleep apnea should exercise caution.
• Mental Health: A history of mental health disorders, substance abuse, or current pregnancy/breastfeeding status should also be discussed with your doctor.

Dosage and Administration

Zolpidem is available in two strengths: 5 mg and 10 mg. The typical dosage for adults is one 10 mg tablet taken just before bedtime. However, for individuals over 65 or those with liver or kidney problems, a lower dose of 5 mg may be recommended. It is crucial to swallow the tablet whole with water and not to crush or chew it. Zolpidem can be taken with or without food.

The duration of treatment is generally limited to 2 to 4 weeks, as prolonged use can lead to tolerance and dependence. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember, but never double up on doses.

Side Effects

Like all medications, Zolpidem can cause side effects. Common side effects include:

• Metallic or bitter taste in the mouth
• Dry mouth
• Excessive daytime sleepiness
• Headaches
• Dizziness

Serious side effects, although rare, require immediate medical attention. These include:

• Memory loss (amnesia)
• Hallucinations
• Delusions
• Severe mood changes
• Allergic reactions, such as swelling of the face, lips, or throat, and difficulty breathing

Drug Interactions

Zolpidem can interact with various medications, increasing the risk of side effects or excessive drowsiness. It is vital to inform your healthcare provider if you are taking any of the following:

• Medications for mental health conditions (e.g., schizophrenia, bipolar disorder)
• Antiepileptic drugs
• Sedating antihistamines (e.g., chlorphenamine)
• Strong painkillers (e.g., codeine, morphine)
• Certain antibiotics and antifungals

Emergency and Overdose Information

Taking more than the prescribed dose of Zolpidem can be dangerous. Symptoms of an overdose may include:

• Extreme drowsiness
• Confusion
• Deep sleep or coma
• Dizziness or fainting
• Shallow or difficult breathing

If you suspect an overdose, seek emergency medical help immediately.

Common Questions

1. Can I drink alcohol while taking Zolpidem?
   • No, combining alcohol with Zolpidem can lead to excessive sedation, respiratory issues, and difficulty waking up.
2. Can I drive or operate machinery while taking Zolpidem?
   • It is advisable to avoid driving or operating heavy machinery if Zolpidem makes you feel drowsy, dizzy, or unable to concentrate.

Conclusion

Zolpidem can be an effective short-term solution for severe insomnia, but it is essential to approach its use with caution. Always consult your healthcare provider to discuss your specific health needs and any potential risks associated with this medication. For more detailed information, including its effects during pregnancy and breastfeeding, please refer to the links provided in the video description. Remember, your health decisions should always be made collaboratively with your healthcare provider.

Please note this is a general educational resource only - and not individual clinical advice. For all individual clinical questions always speak to your own healthcare provider. ALWAYS read the full information leaflet inside the packet.